MOONEY M20 “PFM, MSE, TLS, EAGLE, ENCORE, OVATION, BRAVO”€

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Mooney introduced experimental designs like the 1988 PFM (M20L) featuring a Porsche engine and a precursor to FADEC, though these engines were later removed from service.
  • The M20 airframe evolved significantly, notably with the 1989 M20M TLS (renamed Mooney Bravo), which extended the fuselage by 18 inches for comfort and achieved high cruise speeds.
  • Throughout the 1990s, Mooney updated its lineup, rebranding the 201 as the MSE and introducing more powerful replacements such as the Ovation, while other models like the Encore and Eagle were eventually discontinued.
  • The article provides specific standard data and performance metrics for various models, including the Ovation and Bravo, detailing their specifications and capabilities.
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Mooney PFM

Mooney Ovation

Mooney Bravo

STANDARD DATA: (Ovation) Seats 4. Gross wt. 3,368. Empty wt. 2,205. Fuel capacity 89. Engine 280-hp Continental IO-550-G.
PERFORMANCE: Cruise Speed 190 KTAS. Stall 59 kts. Initial climb rate 1,250. Ceiling 20,000. Range 1,240. Takeoff distance (50′) 2,060. Landing distance (50′) 2,280.

STANDARD DATA: (Bravo) Seats 4. Gross wt. 3,368. Empty wt. 2,268. Fuel capacity 75.6. Engine 270-bhp Continental TIO-540-AF1B.
PERFORMANCE: Cruise Speed 220 KTAS. Stall mph 59. Initial rate 1,130. Ceiling 25,000. Range 1,050. Takeoff distance 2,050′. Landing distance 2,600′.


Mooney Bravo

Mooney Bravo

In 1988-89 Mooney offered the PFM (M20L), a regular M20 airframe with a Porsche engine up front. It was a first in many ways, primarily because it offered a high performance automobile manufacturer’s variant for an aircraft, and second, the PFM was the first airplane to have a single-engine power control, the precursor to what is now called FADEC (Fully Automated Digital Electronic Control). Porsche placed limits on their liability exposure by setting a finite availability for the PFM Mooney engine, all of which were eventually removed from their M20 airframes and returned to Porsche.

Also in 1989, Mooney addressed a common complaint about comfort in the M20 airframe, and extended the fuselage by 18 inches. The first model to take advantage of the new dimensions was the M20M TLS. With a 350-hp Lycoming, derated 270 hp, the TLS turned in an effortless 223-knot high-speed high-altitude cruise speed. The aircraft would ultimately be renamed the Mooney Bravo.

After testing a model-name change to Mooney 205, the venerable Mooney 201 was christened the MSE (Mooney Special Edition M20J) in 1990. That name would continue until 1998 when the 200-hp M20 was laid to rest in favor of more powerful newcomers.

Beginning in the mid-1990s Mooney began to search for a replacement for the 201, arriving first at the Ovation (M20R), with a 280-hp Continental. In 1997, Mooney searched for a lower-costing, entry level design, offering the 220-hp Encore (M20K). In 1999 they tried again with the 244-hp Eagle (M20S). Neither the Encore nor the Eagle remain in production, however the M20 airframe will doubtlessly continue to evolve for years to come.

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